變速箱油的重要作用

　　The important role of transmission oil

　　變速箱油堪稱變速箱的 “血液”，在變速箱的正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中起著舉足輕重的作用。它的首要職責(zé)是潤(rùn)滑，在變速箱內(nèi)部的眾多齒輪、軸承等金屬部件之間形成一層堅(jiān)韌的油膜，有效減少它們?cè)诟咚龠\(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)的直接摩擦，降低磨損程度，延長(zhǎng)這些部件的使用壽命。想象一下，如果沒(méi)有變速箱油的潤(rùn)滑，那些金屬部件就像沒(méi)有潤(rùn)滑油的機(jī)器零件一樣，很快就會(huì)因?yàn)檫^(guò)度磨損而損壞。

　　Transmission fluid can be called the "blood" of the gearbox, playing a crucial role in its normal operation. Its primary responsibility is lubrication, forming a tough oil film between the numerous metal components such as gears and bearings inside the gearbox, effectively reducing their direct friction during high-speed operation, lowering the degree of wear, and extending the service life of these components. Imagine that without the lubrication of gearbox oil, those metal parts would be like machine parts without lubricating oil, quickly damaged due to excessive wear and tear.

　　除了潤(rùn)滑，變速箱油還肩負(fù)著散熱的重任。變速箱在工作時(shí)，由于齒輪的高速嚙合和摩擦，會(huì)產(chǎn)生大量的熱量。如果這些熱量不能及時(shí)散發(fā)出去，就會(huì)導(dǎo)致變速箱內(nèi)部溫度過(guò)高，影響其正常工作，甚至可能引發(fā)故障。而變速箱油就像一個(gè)高效的 “散熱器”，它在循環(huán)流動(dòng)過(guò)程中，能夠吸收這些熱量，并將其傳遞到變速箱外殼，再通過(guò)空氣或冷卻液散發(fā)到大氣中，確保變速箱始終處于適宜的工作溫度范圍內(nèi)。

　　In addition to lubrication, transmission oil also shoulders the responsibility of heat dissipation. During operation, the gearbox generates a large amount of heat due to the high-speed meshing and friction of the gears. If these heat cannot be dissipated in a timely manner, it will cause the internal temperature of the gearbox to be too high, affecting its normal operation and even potentially causing malfunctions. And gearbox oil is like an efficient "radiator", which can absorb this heat during the circulation process and transfer it to the gearbox housing, and then dissipate it into the atmosphere through air or coolant, ensuring that the gearbox is always within the appropriate operating temperature range.

　　在部分自動(dòng)變速箱中，變速箱油還承擔(dān)著傳遞動(dòng)力的關(guān)鍵使命。以液力變矩器為例，它利用變速箱油的流體動(dòng)力來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)與變速箱之間的動(dòng)力傳遞，使車(chē)輛能夠平穩(wěn)起步和換擋。可以說(shuō)，變速箱油是動(dòng)力傳遞的 “橋梁”，沒(méi)有它，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)力就無(wú)法有效地傳遞到車(chē)輪上，車(chē)輛也就無(wú)法正常行駛。

　　In some automatic transmissions, transmission oil also plays a crucial role in transmitting power. Taking the hydraulic torque converter as an example, it utilizes the fluid power of the transmission oil to achieve power transmission between the engine and the gearbox, enabling the vehicle to start and shift smoothly. It can be said that gearbox oil is the "bridge" for power transmission. Without it, the engine's power cannot be effectively transmitted to the wheels, and the vehicle cannot travel normally.

　　換油周期與方法

　　Oil change cycle and method

　　變速箱油的更換周期并非一成不變，而是因變速箱的類(lèi)型而異。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，手動(dòng)變速箱的換油周期相對(duì)較長(zhǎng)，通常在 15 萬(wàn)公里左右。但如果車(chē)輛經(jīng)常在惡劣路況下行駛，如頻繁啟停、重載爬坡等，或者駕駛者的駕駛風(fēng)格較為激烈，那么換油周期就需要適當(dāng)縮短，以保證變速箱的良好性能。

　　The replacement cycle of gearbox oil is not fixed, but varies depending on the type of gearbox. Generally speaking, the oil change interval for manual transmissions is relatively long, usually around 150000 kilometers. But if the vehicle is frequently driven in harsh road conditions, such as frequent start stop, heavy load climbing, etc., or if the driver's driving style is more intense, then the oil change cycle needs to be appropriately shortened to ensure the good performance of the gearbox.

　　自動(dòng)變速箱由于其結(jié)構(gòu)更為復(fù)雜，工作條件也更為苛刻，所以換油周期相對(duì)較短。常見(jiàn)的 4AT、6AT 變速箱，建議在行駛 8 萬(wàn)公里左右更換一次變速箱油；而對(duì)于檔位更高、技術(shù)更先進(jìn)的 9AT 等變速箱，由于其內(nèi)部零件的精度和工作壓力更高，對(duì)變速箱油的品質(zhì)和清潔度要求也更為嚴(yán)格，因此建議行駛 4 - 6 萬(wàn)公里就進(jìn)行更換。

　　Due to its more complex structure and more demanding working conditions, automatic transmissions have relatively shorter oil change intervals. It is recommended to replace the transmission oil for common 4AT and 6AT transmissions after driving for about 80000 kilometers; For higher gears and more advanced technologies such as the 9-speed automatic transmission, due to the higher precision and working pressure of its internal components, the quality and cleanliness requirements for the transmission oil are also more stringent. Therefore, it is recommended to replace it after driving 40000 to 60000 kilometers.

　　在更換變速箱油時(shí)，目前主要有重力換油和循環(huán)機(jī)換油兩種方法 。重力換油是一種較為傳統(tǒng)的方式，操作簡(jiǎn)單，就像給汽車(chē)換機(jī)油一樣，通過(guò)擰下變速箱底部的放油螺絲，讓舊油在重力作用下自然流出，然后再加入新的變速箱油。這種方法的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是成本較低，用油量相對(duì)較少，而且操作過(guò)程相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單，一般的維修店都能進(jìn)行。然而，它的缺點(diǎn)也很明顯，由于變速箱內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，存在許多溝壑和拐角，重力換油很難將舊油完全排出，通常只能更換出約 50% - 60% 的舊油 ，這就意味著新加入的油會(huì)與殘留的舊油混合，從而影響新油的性能和使用壽命，也會(huì)縮短變速箱的保養(yǎng)周期。

　　There are currently two main methods for changing transmission oil: gravity oil change and circulation machine oil change. Gravity oil change is a relatively traditional method with simple operation, just like changing the oil in a car. By unscrewing the oil drain screw at the bottom of the gearbox, the old oil can naturally flow out under the action of gravity, and then new gearbox oil can be added. The advantages of this method are lower cost, relatively less oil consumption, and relatively simple operation process, which can be carried out by general repair shops. However, its drawbacks are also obvious. Due to the complex internal structure of the gearbox, there are many grooves and corners, and gravity oil change is difficult to completely drain the old oil. Usually, only about 50-60% of the old oil can be replaced, which means that the newly added oil will mix with the residual old oil, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the new oil and shortening the maintenance cycle of the gearbox.

　　本文由 濟(jì)南自動(dòng)變速箱維修  友情奉獻(xiàn).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊  http://www.5918bqq.cn/  真誠(chéng)的態(tài)度.為您提供為全面的服務(wù).更多有關(guān)的知識(shí)我們將會(huì)陸續(xù)向大家奉獻(xiàn).敬請(qǐng)期待.

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